Free SAT Biology Practice Test in Cytology

sat biology practice test1. What would happen to a human red blood cell if
it was placed in distilled water?
(A) It would shrivel.
(B) It would plasmolyze.
(C) It would lyse.
(D) It would dehydrate.
(E) It would not be affected.

2. Which of the following statements about cell structure is NOT correct?
(A) Plant cells have cell walls, whereas animal cells do not.
(B) Ribosomes are the main sites of energy production for the cell.
(C) Plant cells have chloroplasts, whereas animal cells do not.
(D) Lysosomes function in the digestion of cellular waste products.
(E) Many cellular organelles are interrelated through an endomembrane system.

3. An animal organism with a diploid number of chromosomes equal to 30 would
normally

(A) not be able to undergo meiosis because gametes would end up with an odd
number of chromosomes.
(B) produce two gametes with 30 chromosomes each during meiosis.
(C) produce four gametes with 30 chromosomes each during meiosis.
(D) produce two gametes with 15 chromosomes each during meiosis.
(E) produce four gametes with 15 chromosomes each during meiosis.

4. If a molecule of DNA is composed of approximately 16.2% adenine (A) and 33.4%
guanine (G), the percentages of thymine (T) and cytosine (C) must be approximately
(A) 16.3% T and 16.3% C.
(B) 34.1% T and 34.1% C.
(C) 34.1% T and 16.3% C.
(D) 16.2% T and 33.4% C.
(E) 33.4% T and 16.2% C.

5. Which of the following statements about mitochondria is NOT correct? (A) They serve as sites for cellular respiration.
(B) They are enclosed by a double membrane.
(C) They are the sites where most of the cell’s ATP is produced.
(D) They are found in animal cells only; plant cells have chloroplasts instead.
(E) They are found in eukaryotic cells but not in prokaryotic cells.

6. Which of the following statement about plant cell is correct?
A) Plant cell lacks cell wall
B) Cell membrane is absent in plant cell
C) Centrioles are present in plant cell
D) Plant cell possess large vacuole
E) Instead of mitochondrion, chloroplast is present in plant cell

7. The primary building blocks of a DNA molecule are (A) nitrogenous bases, phosphates, and ribose sugar.
(B) nitrogenous bases, phosphates, and deoxyribose sugar.
(C) phosphorous bases, nitrogen, and ribose sugar.
(D) phosphorous bases, nitrogen, and deoxyribose sugar.
(E) carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, and deoxyribose sugar.

8. Which of the following statements about meiosis is correct? (A) The result of meiosis is a zygote.
(B) Only somatic cells undergo meiosis.
(C) Meiosis restores the original diploid condition of a population.
(D) Meiosis typically results in genetic variation among the gametes produced.
(E) The products of meiosis are always four cells identical to the parent cell.

9. Which of the following pairs does NOT represent a correct relationship? (A) fat; lipid
(B) starch; polysaccharide
(C) starch; carbohydrate
(D) sugar; carbohydrate
(E) enzyme; lipid

10. Which of the following pairs does NOT represent a correct relationship?
A) Chloroplast-photosynthesis
B) RER-lipid synthesis
C) SER-drug detoxification
D) Golgi-sorting centre
E) Mitochondrion-ATP synthesis
Learn more:


Answers:
1. (C) It would lyse. -The solute concentration in RBC is more than the outside, distilled water. Water will move from low solute concentration to high solute concentration by osmosis. Therefore, water will be taken up by RBC when place din distilled water. As there is no cell wall, the cell will swell until it burst.
2. (B) Ribosomes are the main sites of energy production for the cell.-Ribosomes are involved protein synthesis and mitochondrion is the site of ATP production and associated energy production
See Summary of Cell structure and Function
3. (E) produce four gametes with 15 chromosomes each during meiosis. The result of meiosis is 4 haploid gametes from a diploid cell. Here diploid (2n) chromosome number is 30. Therefore, 4 gametes with 15 chromosomes (haploid or 1n)
4.(D) 16.2% T and 33.4% C.-Chargaff's rule [A]=[T] and [G]=[C] -More questions on Chargaff’s rule or base composition in DNA
More Chargaff's Rule Questions and answers
5. (D) They are found in animal cells only; plant cells have chloroplasts instead. Mitochondrion is present in all eukaryotic cells where as Chloroplast is present only in plant cells. Function: Mitochondrion-ATP synthesis and Chloroplast-Photosynthesis
6. d) Plant cell possess large vacuole
Large vacuole is present in plant cell that keeps cell turgid, store food
-Involved in intracellular digestion as it contain hydrolytic enzymes (role of lysosome in animal cells)
7. (B) nitrogenous bases, phosphates, and de oxyribose sugar. DNA is de-oxy ribo nucleic acid where the sugar is de-oxy ribose.
8. (D) Meiosis typically results in genetic variation among the gametes produced.--Genetic variation in gametes by crossing over and independent assortment during meiosis
Notes on Cell Cycle, Mitosis and meiosis
9. (E) enzyme; lipid-Enzymes are generally proteins (Exceptions: RNA with catalytic activity called as ribozymes)
10. b) RER-lipid synthesis-RER is involved in secretory protein synthesis and SER is involved in lipid synthesis

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