Plant Science Multiple Choice Questions

11. Litmus is a dye obtained which lichen?

A) Lecanora

 B) Cladonia

C) Peltigera

D) Roccella

12. Infoldings produced by cytoplasmic membranes seen in bacteria are called

A) Fimbriae

B) Pili

C) Mesosomes

D) Flagellin

13. Which among the following is not a prophylactic method?

A) Protection

B) Eradication

C) Introduction

D) Exclusion

14. The first virus demonstrated to cause cancer is

A) Rous sarcoma virus

B) Mouse mammary tube virus

C) Feline Leukemia virus

D) Avian Leukosis virus

15. Labellum in Orchidaceae comes to anterior side by the twisting of the ovary through 180 degree. This process is called

A) Adnation

 B) Articulation

C) Resupination

D) Attenuation

16. Which of the following region has maximum diversity?

A) Mangrooves

B) Temperate rainforest

C) Taiga

D) Coral reefs

17. Bioinformatics tool CLUSTAL is a

A) Program that compares nucleotide sequences to sequence database.

B) Computation phylogenetic package of programs for drawing evolutionary trees.

C) Computer program series widely used for multiple sequence alignment.

D) Free open source software for rapid database searching with sequence patterns and

protein motif identification.

18. Which of the following is considered as a noncovalent bond?

A) Electrostatic interactions

 B) Hydrogen bonds

C) Van der waals interactions

D) All of the above

19. Techniques that can be used to elucidate information about protein shape are

A) X-ray crystallography

B) NMR spectroscopy

C) SDS-PAGE

 D) A and B

20. Which among the following is not a plant fossil?

A) Archaeopteryx

 B) Lepidocarpon

C) Lepidodendron

 D) Rhynia

Answers

11. D) Roccella

12. C) Mesosomes

13. C) Introduction

14. A) Rous sarcoma virus

15. C) Resupination

16. D) Coral reefs

17. C) Computer program series widely used for multiple sequence alignment.

18. D) All of the above

19.  D) A and B

20. A) Archaeopteryx

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Plant Science (Botany) Multiple Questions and Answers

1. Capitulum consist of

A) Ray florets only

B) Disc florets only

C) Ray florets and disc florets

 D) None of the above

2. Mitochondria are absent in

A) Green algae

B) Brown algae

C) Red algae

D) Blue green algae

3. Which one is an essential mineral which is not a constituent of any enzyme?

A) Zn B) Mn C) Si D) Mg

4. Naple’s clamp is a device that enables the specimens to be accurately oriented

A) Microscope

 B) Sledge microtome

C) Atomic emission spectroscopy

D) Spectrophotometre

5. In which of the following types of ovules do the micropyle and the funicle come to lie in one

straight line

A) Orthotropous

B) Anatropous

C) Hemi Anatropous

 D) Campylotropous

6. Cytokinins are

A) Adenine derivatives

B) Guanine derivatives

C) Cytidine derivatives

D) Thymidine derivatives

7. Who among the following is not a Rediscoverer of Mendelism

A) Karl Correns

B) Tschemark

C) Hugo Devries

D) T. H. Morgan

8. In geological time scale which time periods is known as the age of gymnosperms?

A) Silurian and Devonian

B) Devonian and carboniferous

C) Triassic and Jurassic

 D) Jurassic and cretaceous

9. Carrageenin is obtained from the cell walls of algae……

A) Ascophyllum

B) Chondrus

C) Fucus

D) Codium

10. Which type of life cycle is shown by diatoms?

A) Diplontic type

B) Haplontic type

C) Diplobiontic type

D) Haplobiontic type

Answers: 
1. C) Ray florets and disc florets
2. D) Blue green algae
3. C) Si
4.  B) Sledge microtome
5. A) Orthotropous
6. A) Adenine derivatives
7. D) T. H. Morgan
8. C) Triassic and Jurassic
9. B) Chondrus
10.  B) Haplontic type

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MCQ on Plant pathology - Plant Diseases

1. Earcockle disease of wheat is caused by

a)Puccinia tritici

b)Anguina tritici

c)Corynebacterium tritici

d)none of these

2.Root knot of Brinjal (egg plant) is caused by

 a)Meloidogyne incognita

b)fusarium udum

c)Pseudomonas rubrillineans

d)Anguina solanacearum

3. Wilt of pigeon pea is caused by

a)Xanthomanas citri

b)Fusarium udum

c)Phytophthora infestans

d)Pseudomonas rubrilineans

4. White rust of crucifers by

a)Albugo

b)Ustilago

c)Puccinia

d)Phytophthora

5.Downy mildew disease is caused by

 a)Albugo

b)Puccinia

c)Peronospora

d)Phytophothora

6. Wart disease of potato is caused by

a)Personospora destructor

b)Phytophthora infestans

c)Phythium debaryanum

d)Synchytrium endobioticum

7.Which is responsible for wood rot?

 a)Erysiphe

b)Polyporus

c)Lycoperdon

d)none of these

8. Potato famine of Ireland (1845) was caused by

 a)Phytophthora palmivora

b)Plasmopara viticola

c)Puccinia graminis

d)Phytophthora infestans

9.Covered smut of sorghum is caused by

 a) Sphacelotheca cruenta

b) Sphacelotheca reiliana

c) Sphacelotheca sorghii 

d)Tolypesporium ehrenburghii

10. Early leaf spot disease in Arachis hypogea is caused due to infection of

 a)Cererospora personata

b)Agrobacterium tumefaciens

c)Phytophthora infestans

d)Gibberella fujikuroi

Answers

1. b)Anguina tritici

2. a)Meloidogyne incognita

3. b)Fusarium udum

4. a)Albugo

5. c)Peronospora

6. d)Synchytrium endobioticum

7. b)Polyporus

8. d)Phytophthora infestans

9. c) Sphacelotheca sorghii 

10. a)Cererospora personata

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MCQ on Plant Science - Term coined by

Term coined by

1. The term Meiosis was given by:

a)A Fleming

b)Frame  and Moore

c)Johansen

d)Knoll and Ruska

2.The term “antibiotic” was coined by

 a)Edward Jenner

b)Louis Pasteur

c)Selman Waksman

d)Alexander Fleming

3. The term ‘protoplasm’ was given by

a)Fischer

b)Purkinje

c)Brown

d)Dujardine

4. The term mutation was introduced by

a)Darwin

b) Mendel

c)Hugo de vries

d)Lamark

5. The term ‘guttation’ was coined by

a)Kramer

b)Priestley

c)Stephan Hales

d)Bergerstein

6. The term ‘gene’ was introduced by

a)Bateson

b)Johnnsen

c)Mendel

d)Morgan

7.The term ecosystem was first coined by

 a)odum

b)Tansley

c)Reiter

d)None of these

8.The term ‘chromatophore’ was coined by

 a)Schmitz

b)WPfeiffer

c)Singer and Nocolson

d)Comparethi

9.The term ‘cytoplasm’ and ‘nuceloplasm’ were given by

a)Purkinje

b)Strasburger

c)Brown

d)Fleming

10.The term mitochondria was given by

a)Benda

b)Palade

c)de Duve

d)Altmann

Answers

1. b)Frame  and Moore

2. c)Selman Waksman

3. b)Purkinje

4. c)Hugo de vries

5. d)Bergerstein

6. b)Johnnsen

7. b)Tansley

8. a)Schmitz

9. b)Strasburger

10.a)Benda

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MCQ on Human Diseases

1. Bone cancer belongs to the category

a) carcinoma

b) malignant lymphoma

c) sarcoma

d)leukemia

2. Which one is correctly matched?

a) oncogenes- ageing

b) AIDS virus-reverse transcriptase

c)replication fork-mRNA

d)initiation factors-amino acid activation

3. Eruptive diseases are

a) mumps and measles

b) mumps and poliomyelitis

c) measles and chickenpox

d) poliomyelitis and syphilis

4. Jaundice, a physiological disease of liver is commonly due to

a) bacterium

b) helminth

c) protozoan 

d) virus

5. Rheumatic heart disease is caused by

a)repeated fever

b) cox sakieB 4 virus

c) streptococcal infection

d) all of these

6. Presence of RBC in urine is

a) nephritis

b)hemauria

c)protonuria

d)hematuria

7. Different species of Mycobacterium cause

a)Syphilis and Diphtheria

b)Whooping cough and leprosy

c)Tuberculosis and Leprosy

d)Syphilis and Gonorrhea

8. Which of the following is a cancerous disease?

a)angina pectoris

b)epidemic jaundice

c)leukemia

d) all of the above

9. Which one of the following is the second biggest cancer among women after breast cancer?

a)cancer of ovary

b)cancer of ovary

c)cancer of cervix

d)cancer of mouth

10. In leukemia there is tremendous increase in the numbers of

 a)red blood corpuscles

b)immature cells

c)white blood corpuscles

d)both white blood cells and immature cells
Learn more:

• MCQ on Deficiency Diseases
• MCQ on Cancer
• MCQ on AIDS

Answers

1. c) sarcoma

2. d)initiation factors-amino acid activation

3. c) measles and chickenpox

4. d) virus

5. d) all of these

6. d)hematuria

7. c)Tuberculosis and Leprosy

8. c)leukemia

9. c)cancer of cervix

10. Ans: d)both white blood cells and immature cells

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Multiple choice on Prokaryotic Cell Structure

MCQ on Prokaryotic Cell Structure

1. Which of the following is the typical feature of a prokaryotic cell?

a) absence of DNA

b) absence of nucleus

c) absence of RNA

d) absence of cell wall

2. The region in prokaryotic cell where double stranded single circular DNA is present is called as

a) nucleoplasm

b) nuclues

c) nucleoid

d) protonucleus

3. Ribosomes in prokaryotic cells are

a) 80 S

b) 70 S

c) 60S + 40 S

d) 50S + 40 S

4. Extra chromosomal self replicating ds circular DNA molecules present in bacteria are called

a) episomes

b) plasmid

c) plastid

d) extra chromosomes

5. The membranous infolding which is thought to be the site of DNA replication in bacteria is  called

a) plasmids

b) nucleoids

c) mesosomes

d) pili

6. The cell wall of eubacteria is made up of

a) cellulose

b) peptidoglycan

c) phospholipids

d) chitin

7. The extracellular appendage which helps in movement in bacteria 

a) pili

b) flagella

c) flagellin

d)capsule

8. Extremely fine  extracellular structures involved in cell to cell contact is

a) flagella

b) cilia

c) pili

d) spinae

9. In some bacteria, there is a slimy layer outside to cell wall considered as virulence factor is called

a) capsule

b) plasmid

c) outer layer

d) fimbriae

10. Which of the following are characteristics of prokaryotic cells?

a) Absence of nucleus

b) Absence of cell organelles

c) Presence of 70S ribosomes

d) All of the above

Check your understanding: Labelled Diagram Quiz on Bacterial cell

Answers

1. b) absence of nucleus

2. c) nucleoid

3. b) 70 S

4. b) plasmid

5. c) mesosomes

6. b) peptidoglycan

7. b) flagella

8. c) pili

9. a) capsule

10. d) All of the above

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Multiple Choice Questions on Mode of Action of Antibiotics

MCQ on Mode of Action of Antibiotics

1. Penicillin causes bacterial cell lyses by inhibiting the enzyme that catalyzes cross- linking of peptidoglycan chains of the bacterial cell wall. The enzyme is

a) enolpyruvyl transferase

b) transglycolase

c) transpeptidase

d) ribonuclease

2. Which of the following antibiotics blocks the first step of peptidoglycan cell wall synthesis by  inhibiting enzyme MurA?

a) Fosfomycin

b) Penicillin

c) Vancomycin

d) Bacitracin

3. Which of the following is a DNA gyrase inhibitor, thus disrupting bacterial DNA replication?

a) ciprofloxacin

b) Vancomycin

c) Chloramphenicol

d) Streptomycin

4. All the following drugs are bacterial cell wall synthesis inhibitors except

a)Vancomycin

b) Bacitracin

c) Fosfomycin

d) Rifamycin

5. All the following are protein synthesis inhibitors which binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit and blocks protein synthesis except

a) Streptomycin

b) Erythromycin

c) Cliindamycin

d) Chloramphenicol

6. Which of the following antibiotic inhibits transcription by binding DNA at the transcription initiation complex and preventing elongation of RNA chain by RNA polymerase?

a)Rifampicin

b) Streptomycin

c) Carbenicillin

d) Actinomycin D

7. This antibiotic binds to the D-ala residues preventing cross linking of cell wall strands by preventing the binding of cross linking enzyme. The antibiotic is  

a) Erythromycin

b) Vancomycin

c) Cephalosporin

d)Chloramphenicol

8. Which of the following is not a protein synthesis inhibitor by binding to 30 S small ribosomal subunit?

a) Kanamycin

b) Streptomycin

c) Erythromycin

d)Tetracycline

9. Which of the following antibiotic prevents bacterial transcription by directly binding to the bacterial RNA polymerase?

a) Rifampin

b) polymixin

c) Puromycin

d) Streptomycin

10. The antibiotic that prevents peptidoglycan synthesis by blocking the transport of peptidoglycan monomer is

a)Cephamycin

b) Cephalosporin

c) Bacitracin

d)Vancomycin

 Learn more:

• 5 Cell wall Synthesis Inhibitors and mode of Action
• MCQ on Immunology

Answers

1. c) transpeptidase

2. a) Fosfomycin

3. a) ciprofloxacin

4. d) Rifamycin

5. a) Streptomycin

6. d) Actinomycin D

7. b) Vancomycin

8. c) Erythromycin

9. a) Rifampin

10. c) Bacitracin

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Multiple Choice Questions on Cellular and Molecular Biology

1. What is the Best evidence that genes encode the amino acid sequence of proteins?

a) proteins are macromolecules

b) The amino acid sequence of polypeptide is changed by gene mutation

c) DNA serves as a template for RNA

d)mRNA is found in the ribosome

2. Which is not a characteristic of proteins?

a) waxes

b)albumins

c) carotenoids

d)Lecithin

3. The tRNA anticodon for the amino acid valine is CAA(reading 3’ to 5’). What is the mRNA codon for valine (reading 5’ to 3’)

a) TTG

b) GGU

c) CCA

d) UGG

4. The basis for the pairing of the two strand of DNA in the double helix is

a) covalent bonding

b) hydrogen bonding

c) hydrophobic interaction  

d) tertiary structure

5. Which of the following statements about the Krebs cycle is not true?

a) The Krebs cycle is linked to glycolysis by pyruvate

b) The Krebs cycle produces nucleotides such as NADH and FADH₂

c) Citrate is an intermediate in the Krebs cycle

d) The Krebs cycle is the single greatest source of ATP in the cell

6. Which of the flowing is a correct association?

a)Polysome: group of Golgi complexes

b)Ribosome: electron transport chain

c)Lysosome: digestive enzyme for intracellular use

d)Mitochondria: transport materials from the nucleus to the cytoplasm

7. Which of the following statements about viruses is not true?

a)The protein coat of the virus does not enter a host bacterial cell

b)Their genetic material may be DNA or DNA

c)The virus may replicate in a bacterial host

d)The virus may replicate autonomously in the absence of a host

8.  Cells  that involved in active transport such as cells of the intestinal epithelium, utilize large quantities of ATP. In such cells, there are

a)many polyribosomes

b)many mitochondria

c)many lysosomes

d) high level of adenylate cyclise activity

9.  Which of the following statements regarding photosynthesis is not true?

a)The light cycle occurs only during exposure to light.

b)Red and blue are optimal for photosynthetic function

c)ATP is produced during the light cycle.

d)The dark cycle occurs only in the absence of light.

10. Which of the following process utilizes proofreading to increase its accuracy?

 a)transcription

b)DNA replication

c)recombination

d)electron transport

Answers

1. b) The amino acid sequence of polypeptide is changed by gene mutation

2. b)albumins

3. b) GGU

4. b) hydrogen bonding

5. d) The Krebs cycle is the single greatest source of ATP in the cell

6. c)Lysosome: digestive enzyme for intracellular use

7. d)The virus may replicate autonomously in the absence of a host

8. b)many mitochondria

9. d)The dark cycle occurs only in the absence of light.

10. b)DNA replication

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