Multiple Choice Questions on Cell and Molecular Biology

1. A human cell containing 22 autosomes and a Y chromosome is
a) A sperm
b) An egg
c) A somatic cell of a female
d) A somatic cell of a male
2. If the DNA content of a diploid cell in the G 1 phase of the cell cycle is X, then the DNA content of the same cell at metaphase of meiosis I would be
a) x
b) 2x
c) 0.5 x
d) 0.25x
3. How many different combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes can be packaged in gametes made by an organism with a diploid number of 8 (2n=8)?
a) 2
b) 4
c) 8
d) 16
4. Homologous chromosomes move toward opposite poles of a dividing cell during
Homologous chrmosomes
a) Mitosis
b) Meiosis I
c) Meiosis II
d) Fertilization
5. Meiosis II is similar to mitosis in that
a) Sister chromatids separate during anaphase
b) The daughter cells are diploid
c) Homologous chromosomes synapse
d) DNA replicates before the division
6. Mitochondrial DNA is advantageous for evolutionary studies because:
a) It is inherited only through the female parent and thus evolves in a way that allows tress of relationship to be easily constructed
b) It is inserted into the X chromosomes
c) It evolves more slowly than the genes in the nucleus
d) It first appeared in humans and is not found in other animals
7. Which of the following are similar between transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
a) RNA polymerase produces mRNAs which grow in the 5’-3’ direction
b) RNA polymerase bind to ribosomes to allow transcription
c) A polytail is added to the 3’ end of messenger RNAs
d) Introns are present in genes which are spliced out after transcription
8. Translation involves
a) Mapping genes in bacteria using a viral carrier
b) Reading a DNA strand and making an mRNA copy
c) Taking up DNA into a cell and changing its genetic makeup
d) Reading an mRNA to yield an amino acid sequence in a protein
9. The normal function of a promoter is to:
a) Bind the small subunit of the ribosome
b) Serve as an origin of DNA replication
c) Serve as an acceptor for transfer RNA
d) Serve as a binding site for RNA polymerase
10. The process of DNA replication involves:
a) Multiple origins of replication per chromosome in eukaryotes
b) Binding of ribosomes to origins of replication
c) Continuous synthesis on both strands of the double helix
d) Conservative replication, with one original double helix and one totally new double helix as products
Answer
  1. a) A sperm
  2. b) 2x
  3. d) 16
  4. b) Meiosis I
  5. a) Sister chromatids separate during anaphase
  6. a) It is inherited only through the female parent and thus evolves in a way that allows tress of relationship to be easily constructed
  7. a) RNA polymerase produces mRNAs which grow in the 5’-3’ direction
  8. d) Reading an mRNA to yield an amino acid sequence in a protein
  9. d) Serve as a binding site for RNA polymerase
  10. a) Multiple origins of replication per chromosome in eukaryotes
Learn more: MCQ on Cytology
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